In the past ten years, Russia has written off over $11bn worth of Afghanistan’s sovereign debt. “We provide assistance to establishing Afghanistan’s army and police by providing free arms and ammunition, training Afghan personnel at Russian universities and training centres, supplying helicopters, and offering participation in the NATO-Russia Council’s helicopter project,” Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said at an international conference on Afghanistan in Bonn, Germany. He added that Russia also ensures the transit of the international forces’ cargo across its territory. Russia also continues to provide humanitarian aid to Afghanistan, he added: over the past 10 years, it has delivered more than 40 000 metric tons of wheat flour and other goods, including equipment, for an aggregate sum of $50mn.