How to set pricing formula and other fees, value-added tax (VAT), etc.

Russian consumers are attracted to bargains but are increasingly able and willing to pay a premium for quality merchandise. U.S. companies exporting to Russia should be prepared to offer competitive prices for their goods, since there are inexpensive Russian products on the market, and strong competition from Asian and European companies. With a few exceptions, goods and services sold in Russia are subject to the value-added tax (VAT) of 20 percent, which is assessed on the cost, insurance, and freight (CIF) value of an imported shipment, plus the applicable duty. In addition, with strong local and third-country competition in many industry sectors, it is advisable to invest in advertising and brand promotion.